Un lungo percorso a ostacoli: il difficile cammino dei non cittadini verso l’integrazione e la piena cittadinanza

In current Italy, the path of non-citizens’ inclusion has been characterised by the continuous encounter with legal and administrative barriers. The paper, using a variegated set of methods and research strategies (documental analysis; critical discourse analysis; key informants interviews; administrative data analysis), shows the results of a research program focused, on one hand, on the policies of exclusion at local level and, on the other hand, on the policies of integration at national level, analyses the ways with which migrants’ obstacle course has been structured and the reasons why it is so arduous. In Italy, especially after 2005, the institutional vision of immigrants’ integration has deeply changed. Now, the idea of integration is related to a differentialist vision of immigrants’ inclusion and to several forms (explicit or implicit; visible or invisible) of institutional discrimination. These forms have caused an increase of civic stratification and, as a consequence, a ‘precarisation of belongings’.