TY - JOUR
T1 - Sonographic and clinical effects of botulinum toxin Type A combined with extracorporeal shock wave therapy on spastic muscles of children with cerebral palsy
AU - Picelli, Alessandro
AU - La Marchina, Elisabetta
AU - Gajofatto, Francesca
AU - Pontillo, Angelo
AU - Vangelista, Antonella
AU - Filippini, Roberto
AU - Baricich, Alessio
AU - Cisari, Carlo
AU - Smania, Nicola
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Taylor & Francis.
PY - 2017/4/3
Y1 - 2017/4/3
N2 - Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the combined sonographic and clinical effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) versus BoNT-A alone in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: Ten children with spastic cerebral palsy were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group 1 received BoNT-A injection into the spastic muscles of the affected limbs plus three ESWT sessions. Group 2 received BoNT-A alone. Assessment was performed before and 1 month after injection. Sonographic outcomes were injected muscles echo intensity and their hardness percentage, and clinical outcomes the modified Ashworth scale and the Tardieu scale. Results: At 1-month evaluation, significant differences in the injected muscles percentage of hardness (P = 0.021) and the modified Ashworth scale (P = 0.001) were found between groups. Conclusions: Our results support the hypothesis that the combined effects of BoNT-A and ESWT derive from their respective action on neurological and non-neural rheological components in spastic muscles.
AB - Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the combined sonographic and clinical effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) versus BoNT-A alone in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: Ten children with spastic cerebral palsy were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group 1 received BoNT-A injection into the spastic muscles of the affected limbs plus three ESWT sessions. Group 2 received BoNT-A alone. Assessment was performed before and 1 month after injection. Sonographic outcomes were injected muscles echo intensity and their hardness percentage, and clinical outcomes the modified Ashworth scale and the Tardieu scale. Results: At 1-month evaluation, significant differences in the injected muscles percentage of hardness (P = 0.021) and the modified Ashworth scale (P = 0.001) were found between groups. Conclusions: Our results support the hypothesis that the combined effects of BoNT-A and ESWT derive from their respective action on neurological and non-neural rheological components in spastic muscles.
KW - Elasticity imaging techniques
KW - high-energy shock waves
KW - physical therapy modalities
KW - ultrasonography
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85016183963&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3109/17518423.2015.1105320
DO - 10.3109/17518423.2015.1105320
M3 - Article
SN - 1751-8423
VL - 20
SP - 160
EP - 164
JO - Developmental Neurorehabilitation
JF - Developmental Neurorehabilitation
IS - 3
ER -