TY - JOUR
T1 - Gut microbiota, behavior, and nutrition after type 1 diabetes diagnosis
T2 - A longitudinal study for supporting data in the metabolic control
AU - Traversi, Deborah
AU - Scaioli, Giacomo
AU - Rabbone, Ivana
AU - Carletto, Giulia
AU - Ferro, Arianna
AU - Franchitti, Elena
AU - Carrera, Deborah
AU - Savastio, Silvia
AU - Cadario, Francesco
AU - Siliquini, Roberta
AU - Cerutti, Franco
AU - Durazzo, Marilena
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2022 Traversi, Scaioli, Rabbone, Carletto, Ferro, Franchitti, Carrera, Savastio, Cadario, Siliquini, Cerutti and Durazzo.
PY - 2022/12/6
Y1 - 2022/12/6
N2 - Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk involves genetic susceptibility but also epigenetics, environment, and behaviors. Appropriate metabolic control, especially quickly after the diagnosis, is crucial for the patient quality of life. Methods: This study aimed to produce a quantitative comparison of the behavior, nutrition habits, and gut microbiota composition between the onset and the 1-year follow-up in 35 children with T1D. Results and discussion: At follow-up, with the metabolic control, many parameters improved significantly, with respect to the onset, such as glycated hemoglobin (−19%), body mass index (BMI), and also nutritional behaviors, such as normal calorie intake (+6%), carbohydrate intake (−12%), extra portion request (−4%), and meals distribution during the day. Moreover, glycated hemoglobin decrement correlated with both total and rapid absorption carbohydrate intake (Spearman's rho = 0.288, 95% CI 0.066–0.510, p = 0.013), showing as the nutritional behavior supported the insulin therapy efficiency. The next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of microbiota revealed abundance differences for Ruminococcus bromii and Prevotella copri (higher at onset, p < 0.001) and the genera Succinivibrio and Faecalibacterium (lower at onset, p < 0.001), as a consequence of nutritional behavior, but it was not the only changing driver. The qRT-PCR analysis showed significant variations, in particular for Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp. (+1.56 log gene copies/g stool at follow-up, p < 0.001). During the year, in 11% of the patients, severe clinical episodes occurred (hypoglycemic or ketoacidosis). The likelihood of a severe hypoglycemic episode was modulated when the Methanobrevibacter smithii amount increased (odds ratio 3.7, 95% CI 1.2–11.4, p = 0.026). Integrated evaluation, including nutritional behavior and microbiota composition, could be considered predictive of the metabolic control management for children cohort with a recent diagnosis of T1D.
AB - Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk involves genetic susceptibility but also epigenetics, environment, and behaviors. Appropriate metabolic control, especially quickly after the diagnosis, is crucial for the patient quality of life. Methods: This study aimed to produce a quantitative comparison of the behavior, nutrition habits, and gut microbiota composition between the onset and the 1-year follow-up in 35 children with T1D. Results and discussion: At follow-up, with the metabolic control, many parameters improved significantly, with respect to the onset, such as glycated hemoglobin (−19%), body mass index (BMI), and also nutritional behaviors, such as normal calorie intake (+6%), carbohydrate intake (−12%), extra portion request (−4%), and meals distribution during the day. Moreover, glycated hemoglobin decrement correlated with both total and rapid absorption carbohydrate intake (Spearman's rho = 0.288, 95% CI 0.066–0.510, p = 0.013), showing as the nutritional behavior supported the insulin therapy efficiency. The next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of microbiota revealed abundance differences for Ruminococcus bromii and Prevotella copri (higher at onset, p < 0.001) and the genera Succinivibrio and Faecalibacterium (lower at onset, p < 0.001), as a consequence of nutritional behavior, but it was not the only changing driver. The qRT-PCR analysis showed significant variations, in particular for Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp. (+1.56 log gene copies/g stool at follow-up, p < 0.001). During the year, in 11% of the patients, severe clinical episodes occurred (hypoglycemic or ketoacidosis). The likelihood of a severe hypoglycemic episode was modulated when the Methanobrevibacter smithii amount increased (odds ratio 3.7, 95% CI 1.2–11.4, p = 0.026). Integrated evaluation, including nutritional behavior and microbiota composition, could be considered predictive of the metabolic control management for children cohort with a recent diagnosis of T1D.
KW - Methanobrevibacter smithii
KW - T1D progression
KW - microbiota
KW - type 1 diabetes
KW - α-diversity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144281920&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fnut.2022.968068
DO - 10.3389/fnut.2022.968068
M3 - Article
SN - 2296-861X
VL - 9
JO - Frontiers in Nutrition
JF - Frontiers in Nutrition
M1 - 968068
ER -