Guida alla scelta di un biomateriale per la preservazione alveolare: l'importanza dei fattori biologici di rimodellamento

Objectives. The study aims at outlining the major growth factors involved in socket healing dynamics as well as the biological events connected with bone substitute integration. Furthermore, the study in its clinical section investigates two different clinical models, in order to examine the influence of different grafting materials on bone remodeling in the extraction socket. Material and methods: Dental text-books, oral-surgery handbooks and scientific databases have been investigated. Results and conclusions. Thanks to their biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties, bone grafts, especially alloplasts have been successfully introduced in dental practice. In particular they faster the alveolar socket healing after tooth extraction and the maintenance of the edentulous ridge. On one side the remodeling dynamics after a tooth loss are well known, but on the other one, the influence of such grafting materials on the biochemical markers of bone remodeling is not fully understood. Immunohistochemistry seems a useful procedure to illustrate the effects of bone grafts on the remodeling pattern in vivo.