TY - JOUR
T1 - Chemical-physical characteristics of artificial saliva substitutes: rheological evaluation
AU - Foglio-Bonda, A.
AU - Foglio-Bonda, P. L.
AU - Bottini, M.
AU - Pezzotti, F.
AU - MIGLIARIO, MARIO
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Objective: We aimed at evaluating some chemical-physical properties of artificial saliva substitutes easily available on the E.U. market, such as viscosity, pH, buffering capacity, superficial tension, density and spinnbarkeit and to compare the results with human natural saliva bibliographic data. Materials and methods: Based on the easy availability on the market, twelve artificial saliva solutions in liquid formulation were analyzed. Kinematic viscosity (cSt) was determined using a micro-Ubbelohde model capillary viscosimeter (ViscoClock, SCHOOT-GERATE Mainz, Germany). Dynamic viscosity (mPas) was determined, through a simple multiplication between density (g/cm3) and kinematic viscosity of each solution. pH analyses were carried out at room temperature using a pH-meter (Mettler Toledo®- Five Easy, Columbus, OH, USA). Spinnbarkeit analysis was performed by a self-owned instrument built for the purpose. Results: The median density value, obtained from the cohort of artificial saliva substitutes, was 1.036 g/cm3. The median value of the kinematic viscosity was 8.984 cSt. The median spinnbarkeit value was 3.2 mm and the median pH value was 6.29. In this study we found an almost linear correlation between the kinematic viscosity and spinnbarkeit values of the artificial saliva substitutes evaluated. Conclusions: Saliva substitutes should be as faithful as possible to the characteristics of human saliva, in order to completely replace its functions in the oral cavity. Nevertheless, despite several R&D efforts, it is difficult to reproduce all the different features that belongs to natural saliva in one device. Therefore, it would be desirable to create more products reproducing saliva with various rheological characteristics in respect of the main salivary functions such as: chewing, speaking and tissue coating.
AB - Objective: We aimed at evaluating some chemical-physical properties of artificial saliva substitutes easily available on the E.U. market, such as viscosity, pH, buffering capacity, superficial tension, density and spinnbarkeit and to compare the results with human natural saliva bibliographic data. Materials and methods: Based on the easy availability on the market, twelve artificial saliva solutions in liquid formulation were analyzed. Kinematic viscosity (cSt) was determined using a micro-Ubbelohde model capillary viscosimeter (ViscoClock, SCHOOT-GERATE Mainz, Germany). Dynamic viscosity (mPas) was determined, through a simple multiplication between density (g/cm3) and kinematic viscosity of each solution. pH analyses were carried out at room temperature using a pH-meter (Mettler Toledo®- Five Easy, Columbus, OH, USA). Spinnbarkeit analysis was performed by a self-owned instrument built for the purpose. Results: The median density value, obtained from the cohort of artificial saliva substitutes, was 1.036 g/cm3. The median value of the kinematic viscosity was 8.984 cSt. The median spinnbarkeit value was 3.2 mm and the median pH value was 6.29. In this study we found an almost linear correlation between the kinematic viscosity and spinnbarkeit values of the artificial saliva substitutes evaluated. Conclusions: Saliva substitutes should be as faithful as possible to the characteristics of human saliva, in order to completely replace its functions in the oral cavity. Nevertheless, despite several R&D efforts, it is difficult to reproduce all the different features that belongs to natural saliva in one device. Therefore, it would be desirable to create more products reproducing saliva with various rheological characteristics in respect of the main salivary functions such as: chewing, speaking and tissue coating.
KW - Artificial salivary substitutes
KW - Saliva
KW - Spinnbarkeit.
KW - Viscosity
KW - Artificial salivary substitutes
KW - Saliva
KW - Spinnbarkeit.
KW - Viscosity
UR - https://iris.uniupo.it/handle/11579/187622
U2 - 10.26355/eurrev_202211_30132
DO - 10.26355/eurrev_202211_30132
M3 - Article
SN - 2284-0729
VL - 26
SP - 7833
EP - 7839
JO - European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
JF - European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
IS - 21
ER -