TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessing tumor vascularization as a potential biomarker of imatinib resistance in gastrointestinal stromal tumors by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging
AU - Consolino, Lorena
AU - Longo, Dario Livio
AU - Sciortino, Marianna
AU - Dastrù, Walter
AU - Cabodi, Sara
AU - Giovenzana, Giovanni Battista
AU - Aime, Silvio
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016, The Author(s).
PY - 2017/7/1
Y1 - 2017/7/1
N2 - Background: Most metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) develop resistance to the first-line imatinib treatment. Recently, increased vessel density and angiogenic markers were reported in GISTs with a poor prognosis, suggesting that angiogenesis is implicated in GIST tumor progression and resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between tumor vasculature and imatinib resistance in different GIST mouse models using a noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) functional approach. Methods: Immunodeficient mice (n = 8 for each cell line) were grafted with imatinib-sensitive (GIST882 and GIST-T1) and imatinib-resistant (GIST430) human cell lines. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) was performed on GIST xenografts to quantify tumor vessel permeability (Ktrans) and vascular volume fraction (vp). Microvessel density (MVD), permeability (mean dextran density, MDD), and angiogenic markers were evaluated by immunofluorescence and western blot assays. Results: Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed significantly increased vessel density (P < 0.0001) and permeability (P = 0.0002) in imatinib-resistant tumors compared to imatinib-sensitive ones. Strong positive correlations were observed between MRI estimates, Ktrans and vp, and their related ex vivo values, MVD (r = 0.78 for Ktrans and r = 0.82 for vp) and MDD (r = 0.77 for Ktrans and r = 0.94 for vp). In addition, higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR2 and VEFGR3) was seen in GIST430. Conclusions: Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging highlighted marked differences in tumor vasculature and microenvironment properties between imatinib-resistant and imatinib-sensitive GISTs, as also confirmed by ex vivo assays. These results provide new insights into the role that DCE-MRI could play in GIST characterization and response to GIST treatment. Validation studies are needed to confirm these findings.
AB - Background: Most metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) develop resistance to the first-line imatinib treatment. Recently, increased vessel density and angiogenic markers were reported in GISTs with a poor prognosis, suggesting that angiogenesis is implicated in GIST tumor progression and resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between tumor vasculature and imatinib resistance in different GIST mouse models using a noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) functional approach. Methods: Immunodeficient mice (n = 8 for each cell line) were grafted with imatinib-sensitive (GIST882 and GIST-T1) and imatinib-resistant (GIST430) human cell lines. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) was performed on GIST xenografts to quantify tumor vessel permeability (Ktrans) and vascular volume fraction (vp). Microvessel density (MVD), permeability (mean dextran density, MDD), and angiogenic markers were evaluated by immunofluorescence and western blot assays. Results: Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed significantly increased vessel density (P < 0.0001) and permeability (P = 0.0002) in imatinib-resistant tumors compared to imatinib-sensitive ones. Strong positive correlations were observed between MRI estimates, Ktrans and vp, and their related ex vivo values, MVD (r = 0.78 for Ktrans and r = 0.82 for vp) and MDD (r = 0.77 for Ktrans and r = 0.94 for vp). In addition, higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR2 and VEFGR3) was seen in GIST430. Conclusions: Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging highlighted marked differences in tumor vasculature and microenvironment properties between imatinib-resistant and imatinib-sensitive GISTs, as also confirmed by ex vivo assays. These results provide new insights into the role that DCE-MRI could play in GIST characterization and response to GIST treatment. Validation studies are needed to confirm these findings.
KW - Angiogenesis
KW - DCE-MRI
KW - Gadolinium contrast agent
KW - Gastrointestinal stromal tumor
KW - Imatinib
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85006494212
U2 - 10.1007/s10120-016-0672-7
DO - 10.1007/s10120-016-0672-7
M3 - Article
SN - 1436-3291
VL - 20
SP - 629
EP - 639
JO - Gastric Cancer
JF - Gastric Cancer
IS - 4
ER -
