TY - JOUR
T1 - Adipose-derived adult stem cells
T2 - Available technologies for potential clinical regenerative applications in dentistry
AU - Catalano, Enrico
AU - Cochis, Andrea
AU - Varoni, Elena
AU - Rimondini, Lia
AU - Carrassi, Antonio
AU - Azzimonti, Barbara
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Tissue homeostasis depends closely on the activity and welfare of adult stem cells. These cells represent a promising tool for biomedical research since they can aid in treatment and promote the regeneration of damaged organs in many human disorders. Adult stem cells indefinitely preserve their ability to self-renew and differentiate into various phenotypes; this capacity could be promoted in vitro by particular culture conditions (differentiation media) or spontaneously induced in vivo by exploiting the biochemical and mechanical properties of the tissue in which the stem cells are implanted. Among the different sources of adult stem cells, adipose tissue is an attractive possibility thanks to its ready availability and the standard extraction techniques at our disposal today. This review discusses the isolation, characterization, and differentiation of human adipose-derived adult stem cells, as well as regeneration strategies, therapeutic uses, and adverse effects of their delivery. In particular, since oral disorders (e.g., trauma, erosion, and chronic periodontitis) often cause the loss of dental tissue along with functional, phonetic, and aesthetic impairment, this review focuses on the application of human adipose-derived adult stem cells, alone or in combination with biomaterials, in treating oral diseases.
AB - Tissue homeostasis depends closely on the activity and welfare of adult stem cells. These cells represent a promising tool for biomedical research since they can aid in treatment and promote the regeneration of damaged organs in many human disorders. Adult stem cells indefinitely preserve their ability to self-renew and differentiate into various phenotypes; this capacity could be promoted in vitro by particular culture conditions (differentiation media) or spontaneously induced in vivo by exploiting the biochemical and mechanical properties of the tissue in which the stem cells are implanted. Among the different sources of adult stem cells, adipose tissue is an attractive possibility thanks to its ready availability and the standard extraction techniques at our disposal today. This review discusses the isolation, characterization, and differentiation of human adipose-derived adult stem cells, as well as regeneration strategies, therapeutic uses, and adverse effects of their delivery. In particular, since oral disorders (e.g., trauma, erosion, and chronic periodontitis) often cause the loss of dental tissue along with functional, phonetic, and aesthetic impairment, this review focuses on the application of human adipose-derived adult stem cells, alone or in combination with biomaterials, in treating oral diseases.
KW - Adipose-derived adult stem cells
KW - Biomaterials
KW - Bone
KW - Dental tissue regeneration
KW - Dentistry
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84899913538&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2014010683
DO - 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2014010683
M3 - Article
SN - 0278-940X
VL - 41
SP - 483
EP - 493
JO - Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering
JF - Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering
IS - 6
ER -