O MERCADO DE BIOCOMBUSTÍVEIS AUTOMOTIVOS NO BRASIL: SITUAÇÃO ATUAL E PERSPECTIVAS

[Machine translation] The use of ethanol as a vehicle fuel in Brazil is extensive and long-standing. Brazil is the country with the most, consumes (proportionately) biofuels for transportation: hydrated ethanol in flex-fuel vehicles or, dedicated to ethanol (old vehicles), anhydrous ethanol mixed with gasoline (between 20 and 25% by volume) and, more, recently, biodiesel blended with diesel fuel (5% by volume). Although the spread of the use of ethanol, fuel was historically motivated by macro-economic issues (foreign trade balance, of the country), its environmental advantages were identified early: a renewable product, with a lower formation of, pollutants during combustion because it is an oxygenated product, as well as the reduction of gas emissions, of the greenhouse effect — especially fossil carbon dioxide. This paper analyzes how it is, structured the biofuel market in Brazil showing a brief history of ethanol in the country, a, analysis based on the variation in the movement of its prices and the possible causes for this. They are exposed,, So, some perspectives for the year 2013 and regional peculiarities in the consumption and production of, biofuel, as well as the regulatory structure and some of its impacts. Biodiesel is also, briefly discussed, but emphasis is placed on the case of ethanol.