Application of response surface methodology (RSM) in condition optimization for essential oil production from Citrus latifolia

This research shows the dependence of distillation time and ratio of water/peel on amount of essential oil after distilling. Researching and optimizing the factors for essential oil production by laboratory - scale distillation and the yield was evaluated using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Face-Centered (CCF) model. The regression equation obtained was shown below: y = 0.997 - 0.015x₁ + 0.04x₂ - 0.107x²₁ - 0.042x²₂. There is the contrast between distillation time and ratio of water/peel with volume of essential oil received. Optimal result is volume of essential oil was 1 ml (y) with quantity of lemon peel/batch of 50g, ratio of water/peel (x₁) was 6/1, distillation time (x₂) in 20 minutes at temperature at 100oC. The essential oil from the peel of C. latifolia was analysed by GC-MS method. A lot of compounds were identified of which limonene, β- pinene and γ-terpinenen were major components. Small amounts of trans-caryophyllene, 4-terpineol, α-terpinenen...were also detected.