Analyzing the peripheral blood antibody repertoire of a celiac disease patient using phage antibody libraries

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy characterized by intestinal malabsorption and immunological responses to dietary gliadins and an auto antigen located in the endomysium. The latter has recently been identified as the enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTG). The linkage between gliadins, tTG and the autoimmune response has still to be clarified. In this work we report the production and analysis of a phage antibody library from the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PLB) of a CD patient. The library contained polyreactive and monoreactive antibodies to α-gliadin, to the dietary antigen β-lactoglobulin, but not to tTG. The majority of the V_HH regions of the anti-α-gliadin antibodies belonged to the V_H 4 family. The possibility of exploiting phage display antibodies as tools to study the molecular events associated with CD is discussed.